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Operation Tourniquet

April 2022, Fraud and stolen data
Led by Federal Bureau of Investigation

Verified core entry, last reviewed August 21, 2026

What was taken down?

Domains raidforums.com, rf.ws, and raid.lol seized and redirected to a seizure notice; forum infrastructure taken offline.[1][2]

See what happened

What happened to the people?

Officials reported 1 charged and 1 apprehended.
1 charged and 1 apprehended named in the public record.
Group accounted for: Partial

See people and accountability

Did it stay down?

After this action a successor service took over the same demand, first seen March 2022. The replacement was itself seized in a later action. High confidence in the link between the two.

See what happened afterward

US-led seizure of the RaidForums domains, a major English-language marketplace for stolen databases, coordinated with European partners under Europol.[1][2]

Announced April 12, 2022.

Date
April 2022
Target
RaidForums, clearnet criminal forum
Activity
Fraud and stolen data, Phishing
Operational lead
FBI
Partners
Europol, USAO-EDVA, and 2 more[1][2]
Jurisdiction
United States, United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Romania, and European Union
Outcome
Domains raidforums.com, rf.ws, and raid.lol seized and redirected to a seizure notice; forum infrastructure taken offline.
Status
Completed
Legal mechanism
US seizure warrant (Eastern District of Virginia); UK arrest at US request; Europol coordination
Group accounted for
Partial

Infrastructure

3 domains seized.

1
domain seized
1
domain seized
1
domain seized
Identifier Recorded as Status Notes
raidforums[.]com 1 domain Seized, United States Seized and redirected to a seizure notice.[1]
rf[.]ws 1 domain Seized, United States Seized and redirected to a seizure notice.[1]
raid[.]lol 1 domain Seized, United States Seized and redirected to a seizure notice.[1]

Domains and onion addresses are shown defanged. Where the record gives a count but no identifier, the count is shown in place of one. This list carries only what appears in the cited sources.

1
charged
1
apprehended

Named in the public record: 1 charged and 1 apprehended.

Figures count individuals named in charging documents and official statements, each person once per outcome. People alleged to be involved but not publicly identified are not counted.

Reported and named. Officials reported 1 charged and 1 apprehended. 1 charged and 1 apprehended named in the public record. The two figures come from different places and are never added together. Officials publish a headline total, and this index counts only the individuals it can name from the cited record.
Person Role Current public status
Founder and chief administrator of RaidForums ArrestedChargedExtradition requested
Charging authority
United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia
Main charges
Conspiracy; Access device fraud; Aggravated identity theft
Case number
Not established in the public record
Arresting authority
National Crime Agency
Arrest location
United Kingdom
Extradition status
Extradition requested
Conviction or plea
Not established in the public record
Sentence
Not established in the public record
Segment
Core operator
Sources
[1][2]

Diogo Santos Coelho

Founder and chief administrator of RaidForums. Current public status: Arrested, Charged, and Extradition requested.

Charging authority
United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of Virginia
Main charges
Conspiracy; Access device fraud; Aggravated identity theft
Case number
Not established in the public record
Arresting authority
National Crime Agency
Arrest location
United Kingdom
Extradition status
Extradition requested
Conviction or plea
Not established in the public record
Sentence
Not established in the public record
Segment
Core operator
Sources
[1][2]

Rows expand to show charging authority, case identifiers, custody status, and sources.

Group accounted for: Partial

The founder was arrested and charged, but the forum's wider administrative staff was not publicly accounted for, and a successor forum appeared within weeks.

One founder-administrator publicly charged; co-administrators and staff not comprehensively named.

See the organizations and roles behind this action

Founder arrested in the UK in January 2022; extradition proceedings to the US.[1][2]

  1. March 2022

    BreachForums. Ecosystem successor. Confidence: High. Seized in a later action.[3]

    Launched by a different individual explicitly as a replacement for RaidForums, inheriting its user community, structure, and function. Operator continuity with RaidForums administration is not established.

    breachforums[.]is

    Later action: BreachForums shutdown following administrator arrest

March 2022

BreachForums. Ecosystem successor. Confidence: High. Seized in a later action.[3]

Launched by a different individual explicitly as a replacement for RaidForums, inheriting its user community, structure, and function. Operator continuity with RaidForums administration is not established.

breachforums[.]is

Later action: BreachForums shutdown following administrator arrest

Return class C. The class is a research grading carried in the source dataset and its scale is not published, so this page relies on the relationship and confidence values instead. How this index handles it.

Numbered markers throughout this entry link to the source that supports the claim beside them.

Official sources

  1. [1]
    Justice Department Announces Court-Authorized Seizure of RaidForums Website

    United States Department of Justice, April 12, 2022, Source grade P1

    Domain seizures, indictment of Diogo Santos Coelho, forum scale

    No address recorded for this source. Publisher, title, and date are given so it can be retrieved from the publisher.

  2. [2]
    One of the world's biggest hacker forums taken down

    Europol, April 12, 2022, Source grade P2

    Operation Tourniquet coordination, participating countries, UK arrest

    No address recorded for this source. Publisher, title, and date are given so it can be retrieved from the publisher.

  3. [3]
    United States v. Conor Brian Fitzpatrick, criminal complaint and affidavit

    United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, March 16, 2023, Source grade P0

    Arrest, charge, and identification of the BreachForums administrator

    No address recorded for this source. Publisher, title, and date are given so it can be retrieved from the publisher.

Coverage note.
  • Forum hosted more than 10 billion records across roughly 530,000 registered users, which is a user population and not an operator count.
  • Arrest occurred 2022-01-31, more than two months before the domain seizure. Dates are kept distinct.